Mughal India runs the single most extreme yield trade-off of the Modern Age — a huge, straightforward Gold bonus at the cost of every other yield, built for a player who wants to simply buy their way through problems.
"Paradise of Nations" grants a large increase to Gold from all sources, at the cost of a percentage decrease to other yields (Food is generally spared from the penalty). Once the right Civic is unlocked, Mughal India can also purchase Wonders directly with Gold, though at a significant markup over normal cost.
The Sepoy is a unique Infantry unit with a Bombard-type ranged attack that does full damage against walls, and performs unusually well against naval units too since its Bombard Strength sits close to its normal Combat Strength. The Zamindar is a unique Settler that grants an extra Population point to any Settlement it founds.
The Stepwell is a unique Improvement adding Gold and increased Food from adjacent Farms; it must be built on Flat terrain and can't be adjacent to another Stepwell. The associated Wonder, the Red Fort, acts as a Fortified District that must be conquered rather than simply captured, and adds HP to itself and all City Centers.